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| Drs. Rohrer and Kunchithapautham are studying the early cellular events that lead to AMD, and Leber congenital amaurosis. | Dr. Kono is studying how specific genetic mutation lead to the development of cone dystrophies. |

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| Dr. Crouch is studying how different forms of vitamin A participate in vision, and the development of macular degeneration. | Mr. Parker, an M.D./Ph.D. student, is studying the fundamental mechanisms involved in cone photoreceptor function and how defects in these processes lead to age-related macular degeneration. |

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| Dr. Husain is evaluating the ability of opioids to protect the retina from glaucomatous injury. | Dr. Koutalos and Ms. Blakeley are studying how defects in vitamin A metabolism can lead to retinal degeneration. |